“The reversal of scarring (fibrosis) that occurs in many organs, previously considered as irrevocable, is being actively pursued in clinical trials with engineered T cells, known as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) treatment, and new drugs, one of which was discovered using generative AI. CAR-T directed against fibrosis was used in mice to restore heart function. It was also used to achieve long-term remission of asthma and in the experimental model of multiple sclerosis to deplete a specific type of T cell population that attacks the body’s cells. This groundbreaking work is not just in animal models: a single shot of engineered T cells has achieved remissions, without the need for immunosuppression therapy, in patients with lupus and other autoimmune conditions.”