“IFR and VFR IFR and VFR IFR and VFR IFR and VFR Entry Prerequisites ATC clearance ATC clearance IFR clearance/VFR radio contact IFR clearance/VFR radio contact Clearance/radio for IFR None Minimum Pilot Qualifications Instrument Rating Private Plot Certificate/ *endorsed student Student Certificate Student Certificate Student Certificate Student Certificate Two-Way Radio Communica-tions Yes Yes Yes Yes IFR No VFR Minimum Visibility Not applicable 3 statute miles 3 statute miles 3 statute miles **3 statute miles ***1 statute miles Aircraft Separation All All IFR, SVFR and rwy operations IFR, SVFR and rwy operations IFR, SVFR None Conflict Resolution (collision avoidance) Not applicable Not applicable Between IFR and VFR flights No No No Traffic Advisories Not applicable Not applicable Yes Workload permitting Workload permitting Workload permitting Safety Advisories Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes”