“Engineering, which until then had been concerned either with the construction of buildings, bridges, and other structures, or for military purposes arms manufacturing and fortification building, was now expanding to include new applications: machines and engines for mining, metallurgy and agriculture, allowing quick and efficient production. Interestingly, until about 1840, the inventors of early technologies were actually craftsmen; only toward the latter part of the 19th century did science become involved in industry, in a partnership that still goes on today.”