“There are other problems with how we reason when we’re angry. Research has revealed that, compared to other threat emotions like sadness or anxiety, anger is linked with a feeling of certainty.9 When we’re angry, we tend to feel very certain of the thoughts that we’re having, even if those thoughts are unrelated to what we’re angry about, and even if they are dead wrong. In fact, we may even be more likely to be wrong when we’re angry. Research shows that the certainty of anger is linked with processing information more superficially10—we think less carefully when making our judgments”