“1909, in opposition to his own statements in Principles, James identified the need for a humanistic psychology, one that employed phenomenological methods to capture subjective experience. He asserted: “The world of concrete personal experience [ . . . ] is multitudinous beyond imagination, tangled, muddy, painful and perplexed. The world to which your philosophy professor introduces you is simple, clean and noble. The contradictions of real life are absent from it.”