I appreciate the distinction Guglielmo draws between "race" and "color." Italians were seen as racially distinct from other European groups in America, and yet they were also broadly understood and treated as white. Both are important to understand if one wants to make sense of the social politics of early twentieth century America, yet too often people forget one or the other because they project modern conceptions.
— Jun 16, 2026 04:19PM
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