Rita Chhetri's Blog

Gate /Net 10 most expected questions


1) . The Gibbs function G in thermodynamics is defined as G= H- TS, In an isothermal, isobaric, reversible process , G –
a) Remains constant but not zero ( ✓✓)
b) Varies linearly
c) Varies non – linearly
d) Zero
2) . Specific heat of metals can be expressed as –
a) T³
b) AT+BT²
c) AT+ BT³
d) AT²+BT³ (✓✓)

3) . In a micro canonical ensemble a system A of fixed volume is in constant with a large reservoir B . then
a) A can exchange only energy with B
b) A can exchange only particle with B
c) A can exchange neither energy nor particle with B (✓✓)
d) A can exchange both energy and particle with B

4) . According to Debye's theory of specific heat at low temperature specific heat is proportional to –
a) T
b) T²
c) T³(✓✓)
d) Independent of T
5) . The molecules of gas moving through space with some velocity possess what kind of energy?
a) translation energy(✓✓)
b) spin energy
c) rotational e energy
d) none of these

6) . What type of system energy is related to the molecular structure of a system?
a) macroscopic form of energy
b) internal energy
c) microscopic form of energy(✓✓)
d) external energy

7) .The sum of all the microscopic form of energy is called _____.

              a) Total energy
              b) Phase energy
              c). System energy
              d). Internal energy(✓✓)


8) .What does the term “uniform” mean?

a) No change in volume
b) no change with time
c) no change with location (✓✓)
d) no change with mass

    9)        .What is a process during which the specific volume remains constant?
            a) isobaric process
            b) isothermal process
            c) Isochoric or isometric process(✓✓)
            d)  none
10)       .  The decrease in availability or lost work is proportional to
              a) pressure drop
              b) mass flow rate
              c) both of the mentioned(✓✓)
              d) none of the mentioned


✓✓ indicates correct answer .

CORONA PANDEMIC- A LESSON FOR PREPAREDNESS IN FUTURE

The COVID-19  outbreak was reported first towards the end of 2019. This new virus and disease where unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China in December 2019. COVID-19 is now a pandemic affecting many countries globally. A delay in detection and unpreparedness has overburden the global health system.









The infected person by COVID 19 shows symptoms of mild health problems such as sneezing, coughing, fever, and difficulty in breathing . However in some cases, there might be no symptoms at all and the infected may be a carrier of the virus, infecting others in the process. The aged people and those with underlying medical problems like chronic respiratory disease, cancer, diabetes are more likely to develop serious illness. 
Effective strategies are applied by the government to contain the infection. Restrictive measures like social distancing, quarantine, lockdown had revealed the best efficient action to control the novel  coronavirus. The outbreak of coronavirus has made clear that it is a universal problem. The best act undertaken by humanity  to fight against it is locked down. The preventive measures implemented are revealing efficiency in flattening the curve. Also, professionals from different disciplines were converted to COVID-19 patient care and who came in contact with COVID 19 at present were also encouraged to work until they show symptoms. This is probably not the last major outbreak for we may see more in the future. It’s a result of the way we as human beings are actually interacting and misbehaving with the planet. The foremost lesson is how to better prepare for the next pandemic.





The outbreak of Corona has reduced the weakness of the health system. The real way is to build a strong global health system. If a country runs out of mask face mask of protective equipment then there is no other alternative to restore the sources. Either we have to order more from the supplier or wait for it to produce and shipped by the suppliers.  We have been perfectly prepared for COVID-19, then probably China would have identified the disease faster and provide care to the infected people without having to build another building. Emerging pandemic has raised a question mark towards the health system and reveals how woefully unprepared we were to fight against it.COVID-19 has revealed the need to devote resources for the future to make prevention. We must take a lesson from this major outbreak of COVID-19 and stay well prepared for the future. The outbreak also reveals the need to create a cost-benefit model to evaluate the timing and the lockdown to save a life without excessive economic disruption. The pandemic has also taught us that real wealth is not in currency but in unity. Since, we have huge advantages for collective action if we follow the rules imposed by the government. The highest risk of exposure to the virus are being faced by the health workers and have suffered a high fatality.

COVID-19 has forced the educational system to move online. The sudden switch from classroom to online classes have affected quality. We can differentiate the advantages and disadvantages of online classes. It is full of network issues for students staying in remote areas. However, there is a need to improve the quality of online classes and prepare perfectly for a future pandemic. One of the benefits of online classes is that it has reduced the living expenses of the student who used to stay at rent. It has enabled students to stay at home with families, saving on rent transport and other living costs. Truly, COVID -19  is teaching us the virtues of virtual space.






In order to prevent a future pandemic, we need to make sure that every country in the world has the capacity to identify the new diseases and treat them. Countries need to create a strong health care system that insulates health workers in every way and protect them. Countries must make sure that they don't repeat their mistakes in the future. The government needs to go further so that hospitals are capable of scaling up intensive care capabilities. Countries must work on new technologies to enable work with equipment that allows social distancing. The lockdown across the country has cleaned up air pollutants and has also reduced to respiratory diseases. We must not go back to our old polluted ways when the shutdown ends.
We have learned many great lessons of life from the outbreak of novel coronavirus, we must take it as a lesson and we should not forget life is short and must be valued, we must not be misbehaving with the planet, unity is strength and health is wealth and many more. Lesson from COVID-19 can make the world’s literally a better place. We need to learn from the lessons already arising from the outbreak and lockdown and adopt ways that will take us to a better world.

Life is not as it is but as we are

“ life is not as easy as it seems, we create what we wish to create”




Life on earth

We go through so many problems in life and only a few of us see the positive aspect of the happenings. Others drop a comment that life is not as easy as it seems. We need to understand that whatever we see of the outer world is the reflection of what we are from inside.

 Creating a difficult situation is a form of art i.e., the art of life, there are people whose reaction and attitude are different in the same given situation.

 Yes, it is true once we come in contact with a problem, our behavior is seen. life has different definitions for different types of people. 

The need is to understand the “ point of life” or meaning of life, which goes to what we are. 







Moving on in life depends on you how you react in any situation and handle it. Once you are aware of the trick how to deal with the different shape and size of obstacles then you become a happy person with a purpose 

“ When we can influence ourselves that we hold the power to stand problems by simply listening to our self, we too can stand any big problems which come to us."

How to enhance the ability to concentrate?





Expectations: Each day we are waking up determined and we stayed focused, we are happy that we completed all the task that we wrote on the “ to-do list.”

Reality:  Definitely, woke up determined, stayed focused for some time but after this mind started to generate millions of thought all set in different directions. This is the point all where we get helpless from getting distracted .






Solution: firstly, we will definitely feel unhappy and exhausted if we don’t stop for a while and bring ourselves back to focus track. Between checking social media and eating food on time we end up doing nothing.  We are defeated because the entire day we can’t stay focused. Then, we start to make up our minds that we are falling behind on our goals .






If you can relate to this then you are in the right place. Here you will get to learn about the best strategies to keep yourself focused.

Apply the simple trick

• we must get rid of all kinds of distraction.

• practice mindfulness throughout the day. You can practice it while doing other stuff like chewing food coming here.

• don't attempt multitasking . Focus on one task at a time. Organize your mind and do one thing at a time.

• stop being a slave to gadget, turn off your phone if it distracts you, and focuses on the good.

• stop making hodgepodge and take a break after every task.

• Teach a well-rounded food before you make up your mind to work start with the most important work from your “ to-do list .”

• The concentration depends on the vitality of our brain, we should not forget that our brain has the incredible ability to grab new things. Try to develop new brain pathways to train the mind.

• get high-quality sleep, trust the process.

• perform meditation that helps to enhance the ability to concentrate. yes! It helps to improve concentration physically and mentally.

• a solution and also a remedy- “ laughter is the best remedies”, start your day with a smile for the smile is the best remedy to keep negative thoughts away which will help you to stay focus

since you are here…. Take a moment to subscribe. A good article is here with the promise to bring out the positive vibes within you and help you throughout. 

Every day should be World Environment day



World environment day was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972. It is celebrated every year on 5th June in order to raise global awareness. It is a day when people around the world focus on the environment and stimulate awareness of the environment. It was designed by the United Nations as a major step to create worldwide awareness. Environment day aims at reminding people of the world about the importance of preservation of the environment. World environment day is a campaign established to bring some positive environmental changes all over the world.










What do we do on World environment day?

Either we spend our time making posters, writing a slogan, take active participation in events, some of them plant trees and that's it!
Every day should be World environment day because it is not a matter of one day to celebrate, in the end, the environment is our basic need for our survival.


Its implications








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We all are aware of the environmental issue that is not just the issue but one of the biggest issues.
Air, water, food-all come from nature. Despite all the benefits that our nature gives us, we still mistreat it. We need to take major steps to protect it. Our action towards climate has pushed nature beyond its limit. Even emerging COVID-19 reveals that it’s a result of our own misdeeds towards resources.

• Air pollution is one of the major causes of how we treat the environment, we have reached a point where people are not able to breathe.

• Diseases like lung cancer, respiratory diseases are affecting even the children.

Industries have the potential of destroying the environment because of the substances or emissions that they release into the air and water.
We have been destroying the system that supported us. If we continue to mistreat the planet then it will have many more implications, including the shortage of food and the worst health system.
It is important to take care of the environment and abandoned all the exploitation that we are causing it. Nothing will change unless we all see ourselves as a part of the problem and part of the solution.



Simple things that you can do to protect the environment
• Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle.
• Educate others-youth can play an important role in educating illiterate about the importance of the environment.
• conserving water
• planting more trees
We should understand that “real wealth is not in coin or currency but in our natural resources”, also protection of the planet starts with you.

The time you enjoyed is not a wasted time





Time concept-

The time passed by is closely connected to the concept of space which can be represented through a change in the circular motion of the Moon around the sun.
The nonstop flow of time is what we say by watch and calendars. According to Physics time concept is what clock read and it can be described as a fundamental quantity in classical physics.
According to Isaac Newton, we humans can only understand the relative time that is we know the concept of time by measurement of the object in motion. Einstein’s theory of special relativity reveals that time slows down or speeds up depending on how fast we move relative to something else.
Our whole life revolves around time. Now, imagine how important time is and therefore proper management of time is also important. Time stays forever but why we are afraid of losing it?.
Why we are afraid of wasting it? Why we say “once it gets lost can never be recovered”?.
The answer is, our body is also relative to time. We go through the changes in growth with time, the fear of getting old, the fear of not achieving the goal at the right time, is what we are afraid of!  Right?
Even the one who has achieved their goal is equally afraid of time, which waits for no one. It teaches us that everything and everyone moves on.Clocks will keep on ticking. We constantly ask or keep on pushing ourselves to complete the target of the day. We keep on saying that the result will be fruitful if we do things at the right time. At the same time we stop ourselves at some point and sit aimlessly. The thing is, “the time you enjoyed is not wasted time”.  Basically, it means if you are investing your time in your passion like what you love to do then it is not a waste of time. If you stay aimlessly then of course it’s a waste of time but if you do things with the desire like sitting at the corner and reading books online, it’s not at all a waste of time.
Even if you are searching for something that is helpful and productive it's not a waste of time. Enjoying the little opportunity of life cannot be a waste of time. “Any productive activities that you do in a day is not a waste of time”.
why do we panic?

Despite doing productive activities, if we don’t complete our target set by us were many of us tend to get panic.
Always remember that we do not need to do everything. Always repeat this line to yourself, “no one is perfect”. It is not the end of the world. Instead of getting panic just take your time and focus on the solution because you deserve your time.

We all are victims of procrastination. It is defined as delaying something that needs to be done. If we simply make our mind and start to take action within 10 seconds, as soon as we come up with something that we need to do at that time. Start acting on that idea within  10 seconds, or else you will make a decision of delaying that work which was important to get touched at the right time. It will help you from getting panic at the end of the day. Yes !we create what we wish to create, no matter what external forces are coming which proves emotion, laziness, procrastination is also created within ourselves and is not dependent on the outer side of the world. We can be happy at any given point of time by stopping ourselves from getting panic. Doing something that is productive will help you to enrich the abilities to face the obstacles of life.
So ,waste your time with some desire to achieve something in life.(inspirational quotes)