Chiaretto Calò's Blog
September 18, 2023
The Library of Humanity Challenge: How Many of These 300 Masterpieces Have You Read?
Greetings, passionate readers and literary aficionados! Are you ready to test your reading mettle? To gauge how deeply you've treaded into the waters of classic and contemporary literature? We present to you a challenge that will both assess your literary journey thus far and inspire future explorations.
**The Library of Humanity Challenge**
Inspired by "The Library of Humanity: The Most Influential Books of all Time," we challenge you to see how many of these 300 transformative books you've already experienced.
**Share Your Score**: Once you've counted, share your number with our community using the hashtag
**#LibraryOfHumanityChallenge**. Whether you've read 10 or 210, every book is a journey, and we celebrate each voyage.
List:
1 Epic of Gilgamesh, The (Unknown, 2100 BCE)
2 Story of Sinuhe (Unknown, ca. 1875 BCE)
3 Code of Hammurabi (Unknown, ca. 1750 BCE)
4 Enūma Eliš (Unknown, ca. 1650 BCE)
5 Vedas, The (Unknown, 1500-1000 BCE)
6 Hurrian Hymns (Unknown, ca. 1400 BCE)
7 Old Testament, The (Anthology, 1100 BCE - 100 BCE)
8 Iliad, The (Homer, ca. 750 BCE)
9 Odyssey (Homer, ca. 750 BCE)
10 Theogony (Hesiod, ca. 715 BCE)
11 Homeric Hymns (Unknown, ca. 700 BCE)
12 Fables (Aesop, 564 BCE)
13 Upanishads (Unknown, 1500-500 BCE)
14 Ramayana (Valmiki, 700 – 200 BCE)
15 Art of War, The (Sun Tzu, 512 BCE)
16 Prometheus Bound (Aeschylus, 452 BCE)
17 Oresteia (Aeschylus, 452 BCE)
18 Antigone (Sophocles, 441 BCE)
19 Medea (Euripides, 431 BCE)
20 Histories (Herodotus, 430 BCE)
21 Oedipus Rex (Sophocles, 429 BCE)
22 Lysistrata (Aristophanes, 411 BCE)
23 Bacchae, The (Euripides, 405 BCE)
24 Tao Te Ching (Lao Tzu, ca. 400 BCE)
25 History of the Peloponnesian War (Thucydides, 380 BCE)
26 Republic (Plato, 375 BCE)
27 Anabasis (Xenophon, ca. 370 BCE)
28 Metaphysics (Aristotle, ca. 350 BCE)
29 Nicomachean Ethics (Aristotle, ca. 350 BCE)
30 Zhuangzi (Chuang-Tzu, ca. 250 BCE)
31 Mahabharata (Vyasa, 300 BCE – 200 CE)
32 Kama Sutra (Vatsyayana Mallanaga, 300 BCE – 200 BCE)
33 Commentarii de Bello Gallico (Julius Caesar, 58 - 50 BCE)
34 Aeneid (Virgil, 24 BCE)
35 Metamorphoses (Ovid, 8 BCE)
36 Satyricon (Petronius, 61 CE)
37 Letters from a Stoic (Lucius Annaeus Seneca, 65 CE)
38 New Testament, The (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, 65-100 CE)
39 Discourses (Epictetus, 108 CE)
40 Parallel Lives (Plutarch, 110 CE)
41 Meditations (Marcus Aurelius, 175 CE)
42 Confessions (Augustine of Hippo, 398 CE)
43 Yoga Sutras (Patanjali, ca. 400 CE)
44 Tirukkuṟaḷ (Thiruvalluvar, 450-500 CE)
45 Kadambari (Bana Bhatt, ca. 625 CE)
46 Qurʾān (Prophet Muhammad, ca. 650 CE)
47 Táin Bó Cúailnge (Unknown, ca. 750 CE)
48 Bhagavata Purana (Veda Vyasa, ca. 800 CE)
49 Beowulf (Unknown, ca. 850 CE)
50 Tale of the Bamboo Cutter, The (Unknown, ca. 900 CE)
51 One Thousand and One Nights (Unknown, ca. 950 CE)
52 Shahnameh (Ferdowsi, between 977 and 1010 CE)
53 Pillow Book, The (Sei Shōnagon, 1002)
54 Tale of Genji, The (Murasaki Shikibu, ca. 1010)
55 Lebor Gabála Érenn (Unknown, ca. 1050)
56 Song of Roland, The (Turold, 1078)
57 Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Ibn Tufail, ca. 1125)
58 Layla and Majnun (Nizami Ganjavi, ca. 1150 CE)
59 Epic of King Gesar (Unknown, ca. 1150)
60 Cantar de mio Cid (Unknown, ca. 1170)
61 Lais of Marie de France (Unknown, ca. 1170)
62 Nibelungenlied (Unknown, ca. 1200)
63 Parzival (Wolfram von Eschenbach, 1210)
64 Codex Runicus (Unknown, 1201-1228)
65 Carmina Burana (Unknown, 1230-1235)
66 Masnavi (Rumi, 1247)
67 Mabinogion (Unknown, ca. 1250)
68 Poetic Edda (Unknown, ca. 1250)
69 Summa Theologica (Thomas Aquinas, 1250)
70 Sumer is Icumen in (Unknown, 1263)
71 Roman de la Rose (Guillaume de Lorris; Jean de Meun, 1275)
72 Njáls saga (Unknown, ca. 1270-1290)
73 Travels of Marco Polo, The (Marco Polo, 1298-1300)
74 The Divine Comedy, The (Dante Alighieri, 1306-1321)
75 Tsurezuregusa (Yoshida Kenko, 1331)
76 Canzoniere, Il (Francesco Petrarca, 1336-1374)
77 Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Luo Guanzhong, ca. 1350)
78 Decameron, The (Giovanni Boccaccio, ca. 1350)
79 Water Margin (Shi Naian, ca. 1370)
80 Tale of the Heike, The (Kakuichi, 1371)
81 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Unknown, ca. 1375)
82 Piers Plowman (William Langland, 1377)
83 Troilus and Criseyde (Geoffrey Chaucer, ca. 1385-1388)
84 Canterbury Tales, The (Geoffrey Chaucer, 1387-1400)
85 Revelations of Divine Love (Julian of Norwich, 1395)
86 Book of the City of Ladies, The (Christine de Pizan, 1405)
87 Book of Abramelin, The (A. von Worms, M. de Leon, 1458)
88 Morte d'Arthur, Le (Thomas Malory, 1485)
89 Malleus Maleficarum (H. Kramer, J. Sprenger, 1486-1487)
90 Columbus's letter on the first voyage (Christopher Columbus, 1493)
91 Amadís de Gaula (Rodríguez de Montalvo, 1508)
92 In Praise of Folly (Desiderius Erasmus, 1511)
93 Orlando Furioso (Ludovico Ariosto, 1516)
94 Utopia (Thomas More, 1516)
95 Prince, The (Niccolò Machiavelli, 1532)
96 Gargantua and Pantagruel (François Rabelais, 1532- 1534)
97 De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (Nicolaus Copernicus, 1543)
98 Popol Vuh (Unknown, 1550-1554)
99 Prophéties, Les (Nostradamus, 1555)
100 Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and A. (G. Vasari, 1568)
101 Lusíadas, Os (Luís Vaz de Camões, 1572)
102 Apology for Poetry, An (Philip Sidney, ca. 1580)
103 Spanish Tragedy, The (Thomas Kyd, 1587-1592)
104 Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay (Robert Greene, 1588-1592)
105 Tamburlaine (Christopher Marlowe, 1590)
106 Jew of Malta, The (Christopher Marlowe, 1590)
107 Doctor Faustus (Christopher Marlowe, 1592-3)
108 Edward II (Christopher Marlowe, 1592)
109 Richard III (William Shakespeare, 1592-1593)
110 Dido, Queen of Carthage (Christopher Marlowe, 1594)
111 Midsummer Night's Dream, A (William Shakespeare, 1595)
112 Faerie Queene, The (Edmund Spenser, 1590-1596)
113 Romeo and Juliet (William Shakespeare, 1595)
114 Jin Ping Mei (Wang Shizhen, 1596-1610)
115 Essays (Francis Bacon, 1597)
116 Merchant of Venice, The (William Shakespeare, 1597)
117 Every Man in His Humour (Ben Jonson, 1598)
118 Hamlet (William Shakespeare, 1601)
119 City of the Sun, The (Tommaso Campanella, 1602)
120 Othello (William Shakespeare, 1604)
121 King Lear (William Shakespeare, 1605-6)
122 Macbeth (William Shakespeare, 1606)
123 Orfeo, L' (Claudio Monteverdi, 1607)
124 Vespro della Beata Vergine (Claudio Monteverdi, 1610)
125 Don Quixote (Miguel de Cervantes, 1605-1615)
126 Duchess of Malfi, The (John Webster, 1612-1614)
127 Novum Organum (Francis Bacon, 1620)
128 Anatomy of Melancholy, The (Robert Burton, 1621)
129 Changeling, The (Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, 1622)
130 Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (G. Galilei, 1632)
131 Cid, Le (Pierre Corneille, 1636)
132 Discourse on the Method (René Descartes, 1637)
133 Meditations on First Philosophy (René Descartes, 1641)
134 Dokkōdō (Miyamoto Musashi, 1645)
135 Leviathan (Thomas Hobbes, 1651)
136 Plymouth Plantation, Of (William Bradford, 1651)
137 His Coy Mistress, To (Andrew Marvell, 1649-1660)
138 Tartuffe (Molière, 1664)
139 Misanthrope, The (Molière, 1666)
140 Paradise Lost (John Milton, 1667)
141 Ethics (Baruch Spinoza, 1677)
142 Phèdre (Jean Racine, 1677)
143 Discourse on Metaphysics (Gottfried W. Leibniz, 1686)
144 Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Isaac Newton, 1687)
145 Fable of the Bees: Or Private Vices, P.B., The (B. Mandeville, 1714)
146 Robinson Crusoe (Daniel Defoe, 1719)
147 Gulliver's Travels (Jonathan Swift, 1726)
148 Modest Proposal, A (Jonathan Swift, 1729)
149 Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded (Samuel Richardson, 1740)
150 Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, An (David Hume, 1748)
151 Tom Jones (Henry Fielding, 1749)
152 Candide (Voltaire, 1759)
153 Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, G., The (L. Sterne, 1759)
154 Emile, or On Education (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1762)
155 Social Contract, The (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1762)
156 Castle of Otranto, The (Horace Walpole, 1764)
157 Philosophical Dictionary (Voltaire, 1764)
158 Encyclopédie (Denis Diderot, 1751–72)
159 Sorrows of Young Werther, The (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1774)
160 Ugetsu Monogatari (Ueda Akinari, 1776)
161 Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the W. of N., A. (A. Smith, 1776)
162 Critique of Pure Reason (Immanuel Kant, 1781)
163 Liaisons Dangereuses, Les (Choderlos de Laclos, 1782)
164 Vindication of the Rights of Woman, A (Mary Wollstonecraft, 1792)
165 Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship (J.W. von Goethe, 1795-96)
166 Phenomenology of Spirit (G. W. F. Hegel, 1807)
167 Faust (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1808)
168 Pride and Prejudice (Jane Austen, 1813)
169 Emma (Jane Austen, 1815)
170 Northanger Abbey (Jane Austen, 1817)
171 Frankenstein (Mary Shelley, 1818)
172 Ivanhoe (Sir Walter Scott, 1819)
173 The Complete Poems (John Keats, 1817-1820)
174 Last of the Mohicans, The (James Fenimore Cooper, 1826)
175 Betrothed, The (Alessandro Manzoni, 1827)
176 Notre-Dame de Paris (Victor Hugo, 1831)
177 Canti (Giacomo Leopardi, 1835)
178 Oliver Twist (Charles Dickens, 1838)
179 Democracy in America (Alexis de Tocqueville, 1835–40)
180 Dead Souls (Nikolai Gogol, 1842)
181 Fear and Trembling (Søren Kierkegaard, 1843)
182 Count of Monte Cristo, The (Alexandre Dumas, 1844)
183 Three Musketeers, The (Alexandre Dumas, 1844)
184 Raven, The (Edgar Allan Poe, 1845)
185 Wuthering Heights (Emily Bronte, 1847)
186 Vanity Fair (William Makepeace Thackeray, 1848)
187 Manifesto, The (Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, 1848)
188 Annabel Lee (Edgar Allan Poe, 1849)
189 Scarlet Letter, The (Nathaniel Hawthorne, 1850)
190 David Copperfield (Charles Dickens, 1850)
191 Moby Dick (Herman Melville, 1851)
192 Uncle Tom's Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe, 1852)
193 Madame Bovary (Gustave Flaubert, 1856)
194 Liberty, On (John Stuart Mill, 1859)
195 Oblomov (Ivan Goncharov, 1859)
196 Origin of Species, On the (Charles Darwin, 1859)
197 Great Expectations (Charles Dickens, 1860)
198 Misérables, Les (Victor Hugo, 1862)
199 Fathers and Sons (Ivan Turgenev, 1862)
200 Journey to the Center of the Earth (Jules Verne, 1864)
201 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Lewis Carroll, 1865)
202 Crime and Punishment (Fyodor Dostoevsky, 1866)
203 War and Peace (Leo Tolstoy, 1869)
204 Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The (Mark Twain, 1876)
205 Anna Karenina (Leo Tolstoy, 1877)
206 Brothers Karamazov, The (Fyodor Dostoevsky, 1880)
207 Malavoglia, I (Giovanni Verga, 1881)
208 So Spoke Zarathustra (Friedrich Nietzche, 1883)
209 Pinocchio (Carlo Collodi, 1883)
210 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The (Mark Twain, 1884-1885)
211 Beyond Good and Evil (Friedrich Nietzsche, 1886)
212 Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The (R. L. Stevenson, 1886)
213 Picture of Dorian Gray, The (Oscar Wilde, 1890)
214 War of the Worlds, The (H.G. Wells, 1898)
215 Interpretation of Dreams, The (Sigmund Freud, 1899)
216 Lord Jim (Joseph Conrad, 1900)
217 Buddenbrooks (Thomas Mann, 1901)
218 Hound of the Baskervilles, The (Arthur Conan Doyle, 1901–02)
219 Immoralist, The (André Gide, 1902)
220 Call of the Wild, The (Jack London, 1903)
221 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (Sigmund Freud, 1905)
222 Alcools (Guillaume Apollinaire, 1913)
223 Metamorphosis, The (Franz Kafka, 1915)
224 General Theory of Relativity, The (Albert Einstein, 1916)
225 Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1921)
226 Search of Lost Time. Remembrance, In (M. Proust, 1913–27)
227 Six Characters in Search of an Author (Luigi Pirandello, 1921)
228 Siddhartha (Hermann Hesse, 1922)
229 Waste Land, The (T.S. Eliot, 1922)
230 Ulysses (James Joyce, 1922)
231 Prophet, The (Kahlil Gibran, 1923)
232 Magic Mountain, The (Thomas Mann, 1924)
233 Trial, The (Franz Kafka, 1925)
234 Great Gatsby, The (F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1925)
235 Mrs. Dalloway (Virginia Woolf, 1925)
236 Sun Also Rises, The (Ernest Hemingway, 1926)
237 Steppenwolf (Hermann Hesse, 1927)
238 Lighthouse, To the (Virginia Woolf, 1927)
239 Gypsy Ballads (García Lorca, 1928)
240 Threepenny Opera, The (Bertolt Brecht, 1928)
241 Sound and the Fury, The (William Faulkner, 1929)
242 Man Without Qualities, The (Robert Musil, 1930–42)
243 Maigret and the Madwoman (Georges Simenon, 1931)
244 Brave New World (Aldous Huxley, 1932)
245 General Theory of Employment, I., and M., The (J. M. Keynes, 1936)
246 Nausea (Jean-Paul Sarte, 1938)
247 Theatre and Its Double, The (Antonin Artaud, 1938)
248 Grapes of Wrath, The (John Steinbeck, 1939)
249 And Then There Were None (Agatha Christie, 1939)
250 For Whom the Bell Tolls (Ernest Hemingway, 1940)
251 Tartar Steppe, The (Dino Buzzati, 1940)
252 Stranger, The (Albert Camus, 1942)
253 Being and Nothingness (Jean-Paul Sartre, 1943)
254 Little Prince, The (Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, 1943)
255 Ficciones (Jorge Luis Borges, 1944)
256 Gigi (Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, 1944)
257 Animal Farm (George Orwell, 1945)
258 Open Society, The (Karl Popper, 1945)
259 Man's Search for Meaning (Viktor Frankl, 1945)
260 Paroles (Jacques Prévert, 1946)
261 Streetcar Named Desire, A (Tennessee Williams, 1947)
262 Diary of a Young Girl, The (Anne Frank, 1947)
263 If This Is a Man, Survival in Auschwitz (Primo Levi, 1947)
264 Second Sex, The (Simone de Beauvoir, 1949)
265 Death of a Salesman (Arthur Miller, 1949)
266 Nineteen Eighty-Four (George Orwell, 1949)
267 Labyrinth of Solitude, The (Octavio Paz, 1950)
268 Catcher in the Rye, The (J.D. Salinger, 1951)
269 Memoirs of Hadrian (Marguerite Yourcenar 1951)
270 Conformist, The (Alberto Moravia, 1951)
271 Origins of Totalitarianism, The (Hannah Arendt, 1951)
272 Waiting for Godot (Samuel Beckett, 1953)
273 Lord of the Rings, The (J.R.R. Tolkien, 1954–55)
274 Lolita (Vladimir Nabokov, 1955)
275 Howl (Allen Ginsberg, 1956)
276 On the Road (Jack Kerouac, 1957)
277 Zazie dans le métro (Raymond Queneau, 1959)
278 Rhinoceros (Eugène Ionesco, 1959)
279 Catch-22 (Joseph Heller, 1961)
280 Structure of Scientific Revolutions, The (Thomas Kuhn, 1962)
281 Order of Things, The (Michel Foucault, 1966)
282 Master and Margarita, The (Mikhail Bulgakov, 1967)
283 One Hundred Years of Solitude (Gabriel García Márquez, 1967)
284 Double Helix, The (James Watson and Francis Crick, 1968)
285 Language and Mind (Noam Chomsky, 1972)
286 Invisible Cities (Italo Calvino, 1972)
287 Gulag Archipelago, The (Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, 1973)
288 Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (Robert M. Pirsig, 1974)
289 Name of the Rose, The (Umberto Eco, 1980)
290 Midnight's Children (Salman Rushdie, 1981)
291 House of Spirits, The (Isabel Allende, 1982)
292 Baltasar and Blimunda (José Saramago, 1982)
293 Lover, The (Marguerite Duras, 1984)
294 Unbearable Lightness of Being, the (Milan Kundera, 1984)
295 Beloved (Toni Morrison, 1987)
296 Alchemist, The (Paulo Coelho, 1988)
297 Brief History of Time, A (Stephen Hawking, 1988)
298 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (J.K. Rowling, 1997)
299 Life of Pi (Yann Martel, 2001)
300 Kite Runner, The (Khaled Hosseini, 2003)
**The Library of Humanity Challenge**
Inspired by "The Library of Humanity: The Most Influential Books of all Time," we challenge you to see how many of these 300 transformative books you've already experienced.
**Share Your Score**: Once you've counted, share your number with our community using the hashtag
**#LibraryOfHumanityChallenge**. Whether you've read 10 or 210, every book is a journey, and we celebrate each voyage.
List:
1 Epic of Gilgamesh, The (Unknown, 2100 BCE)
2 Story of Sinuhe (Unknown, ca. 1875 BCE)
3 Code of Hammurabi (Unknown, ca. 1750 BCE)
4 Enūma Eliš (Unknown, ca. 1650 BCE)
5 Vedas, The (Unknown, 1500-1000 BCE)
6 Hurrian Hymns (Unknown, ca. 1400 BCE)
7 Old Testament, The (Anthology, 1100 BCE - 100 BCE)
8 Iliad, The (Homer, ca. 750 BCE)
9 Odyssey (Homer, ca. 750 BCE)
10 Theogony (Hesiod, ca. 715 BCE)
11 Homeric Hymns (Unknown, ca. 700 BCE)
12 Fables (Aesop, 564 BCE)
13 Upanishads (Unknown, 1500-500 BCE)
14 Ramayana (Valmiki, 700 – 200 BCE)
15 Art of War, The (Sun Tzu, 512 BCE)
16 Prometheus Bound (Aeschylus, 452 BCE)
17 Oresteia (Aeschylus, 452 BCE)
18 Antigone (Sophocles, 441 BCE)
19 Medea (Euripides, 431 BCE)
20 Histories (Herodotus, 430 BCE)
21 Oedipus Rex (Sophocles, 429 BCE)
22 Lysistrata (Aristophanes, 411 BCE)
23 Bacchae, The (Euripides, 405 BCE)
24 Tao Te Ching (Lao Tzu, ca. 400 BCE)
25 History of the Peloponnesian War (Thucydides, 380 BCE)
26 Republic (Plato, 375 BCE)
27 Anabasis (Xenophon, ca. 370 BCE)
28 Metaphysics (Aristotle, ca. 350 BCE)
29 Nicomachean Ethics (Aristotle, ca. 350 BCE)
30 Zhuangzi (Chuang-Tzu, ca. 250 BCE)
31 Mahabharata (Vyasa, 300 BCE – 200 CE)
32 Kama Sutra (Vatsyayana Mallanaga, 300 BCE – 200 BCE)
33 Commentarii de Bello Gallico (Julius Caesar, 58 - 50 BCE)
34 Aeneid (Virgil, 24 BCE)
35 Metamorphoses (Ovid, 8 BCE)
36 Satyricon (Petronius, 61 CE)
37 Letters from a Stoic (Lucius Annaeus Seneca, 65 CE)
38 New Testament, The (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, 65-100 CE)
39 Discourses (Epictetus, 108 CE)
40 Parallel Lives (Plutarch, 110 CE)
41 Meditations (Marcus Aurelius, 175 CE)
42 Confessions (Augustine of Hippo, 398 CE)
43 Yoga Sutras (Patanjali, ca. 400 CE)
44 Tirukkuṟaḷ (Thiruvalluvar, 450-500 CE)
45 Kadambari (Bana Bhatt, ca. 625 CE)
46 Qurʾān (Prophet Muhammad, ca. 650 CE)
47 Táin Bó Cúailnge (Unknown, ca. 750 CE)
48 Bhagavata Purana (Veda Vyasa, ca. 800 CE)
49 Beowulf (Unknown, ca. 850 CE)
50 Tale of the Bamboo Cutter, The (Unknown, ca. 900 CE)
51 One Thousand and One Nights (Unknown, ca. 950 CE)
52 Shahnameh (Ferdowsi, between 977 and 1010 CE)
53 Pillow Book, The (Sei Shōnagon, 1002)
54 Tale of Genji, The (Murasaki Shikibu, ca. 1010)
55 Lebor Gabála Érenn (Unknown, ca. 1050)
56 Song of Roland, The (Turold, 1078)
57 Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Ibn Tufail, ca. 1125)
58 Layla and Majnun (Nizami Ganjavi, ca. 1150 CE)
59 Epic of King Gesar (Unknown, ca. 1150)
60 Cantar de mio Cid (Unknown, ca. 1170)
61 Lais of Marie de France (Unknown, ca. 1170)
62 Nibelungenlied (Unknown, ca. 1200)
63 Parzival (Wolfram von Eschenbach, 1210)
64 Codex Runicus (Unknown, 1201-1228)
65 Carmina Burana (Unknown, 1230-1235)
66 Masnavi (Rumi, 1247)
67 Mabinogion (Unknown, ca. 1250)
68 Poetic Edda (Unknown, ca. 1250)
69 Summa Theologica (Thomas Aquinas, 1250)
70 Sumer is Icumen in (Unknown, 1263)
71 Roman de la Rose (Guillaume de Lorris; Jean de Meun, 1275)
72 Njáls saga (Unknown, ca. 1270-1290)
73 Travels of Marco Polo, The (Marco Polo, 1298-1300)
74 The Divine Comedy, The (Dante Alighieri, 1306-1321)
75 Tsurezuregusa (Yoshida Kenko, 1331)
76 Canzoniere, Il (Francesco Petrarca, 1336-1374)
77 Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Luo Guanzhong, ca. 1350)
78 Decameron, The (Giovanni Boccaccio, ca. 1350)
79 Water Margin (Shi Naian, ca. 1370)
80 Tale of the Heike, The (Kakuichi, 1371)
81 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (Unknown, ca. 1375)
82 Piers Plowman (William Langland, 1377)
83 Troilus and Criseyde (Geoffrey Chaucer, ca. 1385-1388)
84 Canterbury Tales, The (Geoffrey Chaucer, 1387-1400)
85 Revelations of Divine Love (Julian of Norwich, 1395)
86 Book of the City of Ladies, The (Christine de Pizan, 1405)
87 Book of Abramelin, The (A. von Worms, M. de Leon, 1458)
88 Morte d'Arthur, Le (Thomas Malory, 1485)
89 Malleus Maleficarum (H. Kramer, J. Sprenger, 1486-1487)
90 Columbus's letter on the first voyage (Christopher Columbus, 1493)
91 Amadís de Gaula (Rodríguez de Montalvo, 1508)
92 In Praise of Folly (Desiderius Erasmus, 1511)
93 Orlando Furioso (Ludovico Ariosto, 1516)
94 Utopia (Thomas More, 1516)
95 Prince, The (Niccolò Machiavelli, 1532)
96 Gargantua and Pantagruel (François Rabelais, 1532- 1534)
97 De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (Nicolaus Copernicus, 1543)
98 Popol Vuh (Unknown, 1550-1554)
99 Prophéties, Les (Nostradamus, 1555)
100 Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and A. (G. Vasari, 1568)
101 Lusíadas, Os (Luís Vaz de Camões, 1572)
102 Apology for Poetry, An (Philip Sidney, ca. 1580)
103 Spanish Tragedy, The (Thomas Kyd, 1587-1592)
104 Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay (Robert Greene, 1588-1592)
105 Tamburlaine (Christopher Marlowe, 1590)
106 Jew of Malta, The (Christopher Marlowe, 1590)
107 Doctor Faustus (Christopher Marlowe, 1592-3)
108 Edward II (Christopher Marlowe, 1592)
109 Richard III (William Shakespeare, 1592-1593)
110 Dido, Queen of Carthage (Christopher Marlowe, 1594)
111 Midsummer Night's Dream, A (William Shakespeare, 1595)
112 Faerie Queene, The (Edmund Spenser, 1590-1596)
113 Romeo and Juliet (William Shakespeare, 1595)
114 Jin Ping Mei (Wang Shizhen, 1596-1610)
115 Essays (Francis Bacon, 1597)
116 Merchant of Venice, The (William Shakespeare, 1597)
117 Every Man in His Humour (Ben Jonson, 1598)
118 Hamlet (William Shakespeare, 1601)
119 City of the Sun, The (Tommaso Campanella, 1602)
120 Othello (William Shakespeare, 1604)
121 King Lear (William Shakespeare, 1605-6)
122 Macbeth (William Shakespeare, 1606)
123 Orfeo, L' (Claudio Monteverdi, 1607)
124 Vespro della Beata Vergine (Claudio Monteverdi, 1610)
125 Don Quixote (Miguel de Cervantes, 1605-1615)
126 Duchess of Malfi, The (John Webster, 1612-1614)
127 Novum Organum (Francis Bacon, 1620)
128 Anatomy of Melancholy, The (Robert Burton, 1621)
129 Changeling, The (Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, 1622)
130 Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (G. Galilei, 1632)
131 Cid, Le (Pierre Corneille, 1636)
132 Discourse on the Method (René Descartes, 1637)
133 Meditations on First Philosophy (René Descartes, 1641)
134 Dokkōdō (Miyamoto Musashi, 1645)
135 Leviathan (Thomas Hobbes, 1651)
136 Plymouth Plantation, Of (William Bradford, 1651)
137 His Coy Mistress, To (Andrew Marvell, 1649-1660)
138 Tartuffe (Molière, 1664)
139 Misanthrope, The (Molière, 1666)
140 Paradise Lost (John Milton, 1667)
141 Ethics (Baruch Spinoza, 1677)
142 Phèdre (Jean Racine, 1677)
143 Discourse on Metaphysics (Gottfried W. Leibniz, 1686)
144 Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Isaac Newton, 1687)
145 Fable of the Bees: Or Private Vices, P.B., The (B. Mandeville, 1714)
146 Robinson Crusoe (Daniel Defoe, 1719)
147 Gulliver's Travels (Jonathan Swift, 1726)
148 Modest Proposal, A (Jonathan Swift, 1729)
149 Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded (Samuel Richardson, 1740)
150 Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, An (David Hume, 1748)
151 Tom Jones (Henry Fielding, 1749)
152 Candide (Voltaire, 1759)
153 Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, G., The (L. Sterne, 1759)
154 Emile, or On Education (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1762)
155 Social Contract, The (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1762)
156 Castle of Otranto, The (Horace Walpole, 1764)
157 Philosophical Dictionary (Voltaire, 1764)
158 Encyclopédie (Denis Diderot, 1751–72)
159 Sorrows of Young Werther, The (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1774)
160 Ugetsu Monogatari (Ueda Akinari, 1776)
161 Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the W. of N., A. (A. Smith, 1776)
162 Critique of Pure Reason (Immanuel Kant, 1781)
163 Liaisons Dangereuses, Les (Choderlos de Laclos, 1782)
164 Vindication of the Rights of Woman, A (Mary Wollstonecraft, 1792)
165 Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship (J.W. von Goethe, 1795-96)
166 Phenomenology of Spirit (G. W. F. Hegel, 1807)
167 Faust (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1808)
168 Pride and Prejudice (Jane Austen, 1813)
169 Emma (Jane Austen, 1815)
170 Northanger Abbey (Jane Austen, 1817)
171 Frankenstein (Mary Shelley, 1818)
172 Ivanhoe (Sir Walter Scott, 1819)
173 The Complete Poems (John Keats, 1817-1820)
174 Last of the Mohicans, The (James Fenimore Cooper, 1826)
175 Betrothed, The (Alessandro Manzoni, 1827)
176 Notre-Dame de Paris (Victor Hugo, 1831)
177 Canti (Giacomo Leopardi, 1835)
178 Oliver Twist (Charles Dickens, 1838)
179 Democracy in America (Alexis de Tocqueville, 1835–40)
180 Dead Souls (Nikolai Gogol, 1842)
181 Fear and Trembling (Søren Kierkegaard, 1843)
182 Count of Monte Cristo, The (Alexandre Dumas, 1844)
183 Three Musketeers, The (Alexandre Dumas, 1844)
184 Raven, The (Edgar Allan Poe, 1845)
185 Wuthering Heights (Emily Bronte, 1847)
186 Vanity Fair (William Makepeace Thackeray, 1848)
187 Manifesto, The (Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, 1848)
188 Annabel Lee (Edgar Allan Poe, 1849)
189 Scarlet Letter, The (Nathaniel Hawthorne, 1850)
190 David Copperfield (Charles Dickens, 1850)
191 Moby Dick (Herman Melville, 1851)
192 Uncle Tom's Cabin (Harriet Beecher Stowe, 1852)
193 Madame Bovary (Gustave Flaubert, 1856)
194 Liberty, On (John Stuart Mill, 1859)
195 Oblomov (Ivan Goncharov, 1859)
196 Origin of Species, On the (Charles Darwin, 1859)
197 Great Expectations (Charles Dickens, 1860)
198 Misérables, Les (Victor Hugo, 1862)
199 Fathers and Sons (Ivan Turgenev, 1862)
200 Journey to the Center of the Earth (Jules Verne, 1864)
201 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Lewis Carroll, 1865)
202 Crime and Punishment (Fyodor Dostoevsky, 1866)
203 War and Peace (Leo Tolstoy, 1869)
204 Adventures of Tom Sawyer, The (Mark Twain, 1876)
205 Anna Karenina (Leo Tolstoy, 1877)
206 Brothers Karamazov, The (Fyodor Dostoevsky, 1880)
207 Malavoglia, I (Giovanni Verga, 1881)
208 So Spoke Zarathustra (Friedrich Nietzche, 1883)
209 Pinocchio (Carlo Collodi, 1883)
210 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, The (Mark Twain, 1884-1885)
211 Beyond Good and Evil (Friedrich Nietzsche, 1886)
212 Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, The (R. L. Stevenson, 1886)
213 Picture of Dorian Gray, The (Oscar Wilde, 1890)
214 War of the Worlds, The (H.G. Wells, 1898)
215 Interpretation of Dreams, The (Sigmund Freud, 1899)
216 Lord Jim (Joseph Conrad, 1900)
217 Buddenbrooks (Thomas Mann, 1901)
218 Hound of the Baskervilles, The (Arthur Conan Doyle, 1901–02)
219 Immoralist, The (André Gide, 1902)
220 Call of the Wild, The (Jack London, 1903)
221 Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (Sigmund Freud, 1905)
222 Alcools (Guillaume Apollinaire, 1913)
223 Metamorphosis, The (Franz Kafka, 1915)
224 General Theory of Relativity, The (Albert Einstein, 1916)
225 Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Ludwig Wittgenstein, 1921)
226 Search of Lost Time. Remembrance, In (M. Proust, 1913–27)
227 Six Characters in Search of an Author (Luigi Pirandello, 1921)
228 Siddhartha (Hermann Hesse, 1922)
229 Waste Land, The (T.S. Eliot, 1922)
230 Ulysses (James Joyce, 1922)
231 Prophet, The (Kahlil Gibran, 1923)
232 Magic Mountain, The (Thomas Mann, 1924)
233 Trial, The (Franz Kafka, 1925)
234 Great Gatsby, The (F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1925)
235 Mrs. Dalloway (Virginia Woolf, 1925)
236 Sun Also Rises, The (Ernest Hemingway, 1926)
237 Steppenwolf (Hermann Hesse, 1927)
238 Lighthouse, To the (Virginia Woolf, 1927)
239 Gypsy Ballads (García Lorca, 1928)
240 Threepenny Opera, The (Bertolt Brecht, 1928)
241 Sound and the Fury, The (William Faulkner, 1929)
242 Man Without Qualities, The (Robert Musil, 1930–42)
243 Maigret and the Madwoman (Georges Simenon, 1931)
244 Brave New World (Aldous Huxley, 1932)
245 General Theory of Employment, I., and M., The (J. M. Keynes, 1936)
246 Nausea (Jean-Paul Sarte, 1938)
247 Theatre and Its Double, The (Antonin Artaud, 1938)
248 Grapes of Wrath, The (John Steinbeck, 1939)
249 And Then There Were None (Agatha Christie, 1939)
250 For Whom the Bell Tolls (Ernest Hemingway, 1940)
251 Tartar Steppe, The (Dino Buzzati, 1940)
252 Stranger, The (Albert Camus, 1942)
253 Being and Nothingness (Jean-Paul Sartre, 1943)
254 Little Prince, The (Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, 1943)
255 Ficciones (Jorge Luis Borges, 1944)
256 Gigi (Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, 1944)
257 Animal Farm (George Orwell, 1945)
258 Open Society, The (Karl Popper, 1945)
259 Man's Search for Meaning (Viktor Frankl, 1945)
260 Paroles (Jacques Prévert, 1946)
261 Streetcar Named Desire, A (Tennessee Williams, 1947)
262 Diary of a Young Girl, The (Anne Frank, 1947)
263 If This Is a Man, Survival in Auschwitz (Primo Levi, 1947)
264 Second Sex, The (Simone de Beauvoir, 1949)
265 Death of a Salesman (Arthur Miller, 1949)
266 Nineteen Eighty-Four (George Orwell, 1949)
267 Labyrinth of Solitude, The (Octavio Paz, 1950)
268 Catcher in the Rye, The (J.D. Salinger, 1951)
269 Memoirs of Hadrian (Marguerite Yourcenar 1951)
270 Conformist, The (Alberto Moravia, 1951)
271 Origins of Totalitarianism, The (Hannah Arendt, 1951)
272 Waiting for Godot (Samuel Beckett, 1953)
273 Lord of the Rings, The (J.R.R. Tolkien, 1954–55)
274 Lolita (Vladimir Nabokov, 1955)
275 Howl (Allen Ginsberg, 1956)
276 On the Road (Jack Kerouac, 1957)
277 Zazie dans le métro (Raymond Queneau, 1959)
278 Rhinoceros (Eugène Ionesco, 1959)
279 Catch-22 (Joseph Heller, 1961)
280 Structure of Scientific Revolutions, The (Thomas Kuhn, 1962)
281 Order of Things, The (Michel Foucault, 1966)
282 Master and Margarita, The (Mikhail Bulgakov, 1967)
283 One Hundred Years of Solitude (Gabriel García Márquez, 1967)
284 Double Helix, The (James Watson and Francis Crick, 1968)
285 Language and Mind (Noam Chomsky, 1972)
286 Invisible Cities (Italo Calvino, 1972)
287 Gulag Archipelago, The (Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, 1973)
288 Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (Robert M. Pirsig, 1974)
289 Name of the Rose, The (Umberto Eco, 1980)
290 Midnight's Children (Salman Rushdie, 1981)
291 House of Spirits, The (Isabel Allende, 1982)
292 Baltasar and Blimunda (José Saramago, 1982)
293 Lover, The (Marguerite Duras, 1984)
294 Unbearable Lightness of Being, the (Milan Kundera, 1984)
295 Beloved (Toni Morrison, 1987)
296 Alchemist, The (Paulo Coelho, 1988)
297 Brief History of Time, A (Stephen Hawking, 1988)
298 Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (J.K. Rowling, 1997)
299 Life of Pi (Yann Martel, 2001)
300 Kite Runner, The (Khaled Hosseini, 2003)
