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Pierre Clastres’s Followers (78)

Pierre Clastres

Born

in France

May 17, 1934

Died

July 29, 1977

Genre

Social Sciences

Influences

Claude Lévi-Strauss, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Marshall Sahlins, ...more

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Pierre Clastres, (1934-1977), was a French anthropologist and ethnographer. He is best known for his fieldwork among the Guayaki in Paraguay and his theory on stateless societies. Some people regard him as giving scientific validity to certain anarchist perspectives.[1]

In his most famous work, Society Against the State (1974), Clastres indeed criticizes both the evolutionist notion that the state would be the ultimate destiny of all societies, and the Rousseauian notion of man's natural state of innocence (the myth of the noble savage). Knowledge of power is innate in any society, thus the natural state for humans wanting to preserve autonomy is a society structured by a complex set of customs which actively avert the rise of despotic power Pierre Clastres, (1934-1977), was a French anthropologist and ethnographer. He is best known for his fieldwork among the Guayaki in Paraguay and his theory on stateless societies. Some people regard him as giving scientific validity to certain anarchist perspectives.[1]

In his most famous work, Society Against the State (1974), Clastres indeed criticizes both the evolutionist notion that the state would be the ultimate destiny of all societies, and the Rousseauian notion of man's natural state of innocence (the myth of the noble savage). Knowledge of power is innate in any society, thus the natural state for humans wanting to preserve autonomy is a society structured by a complex set of customs which actively avert the rise of despotic power. The state is seen as but a specific constellation of hierarchical power peculiar only to societies who have failed to maintain these mechanisms which prevent separation from happening. Thus, in the Guayaki tribes, the leader has only a representational role, being his people's spokesperson towards other tribes ("international relations"). If he abuses his authority, he may be violently removed by his people, and the institution of "spokesperson" is never allowed to transform itself into a separate institution of authority. Pierre Clastres' theory thus was an explicit criticism of vulgar Marxist theories of economic determinism, in that he considered an autonomous sphere of politics, which existed in stateless societies as the active conjuration of authority. The essential question which Clastres sought to answer was: why would an individual in an egalitarian (eg foraging) society chose to subordinate himself to an authority? He considered the consequent rise of the state to be due to the power disparaties that arise when religion credits a prophet or other medium with a direct knowledge of divine power which is unattainable by the bulk of society. It is this upsetting of the balance of power that engendered the inequality to be found in more highly structured societies, and not an initial economic disparity as argued by the Marxist school of thought. ...more

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Average rating: 4.09 · 1,656 ratings · 153 reviews · 21 distinct works • Similar authors

	Society Against the State: Essays in Political Anthropology 4.13 avg rating — 941 ratings — published 1974 — 48 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Archeology of Violence 4.11 avg rating — 337 ratings — published 1977 — 33 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Chronicle of the Guayaki Indians 3.97 avg rating — 325 ratings — published 1972 — 31 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	The Question of Power: An interview with Pierre Clastres 4.31 avg rating — 16 ratings — 2 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Vahşi Savaşçının Mutsuzluğu by Pierre Clastres, Alev Türker (Translator), Mehmet Sert (Translator) 4.50 avg rating — 8 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Mitologia dos índios Chulupi by Pierre Clastres, Ian Packer (Translator), Michel Cartry (Editor) 4.60 avg rating — 5 ratings — 2 editions	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Εξουσία και ελευθερία στις πρωτόγονες κοινωνίες 3.25 avg rating — 4 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Για την εθνοκτονία really liked it 4.00 avg rating — 3 ratings — published 2014	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	Στοχασμοί πάνω στην έννοια του κράτους really liked it 4.00 avg rating — 2 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars
	A fala sagrada 3.50 avg rating — 2 ratings	Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Rate this book Clear rating 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars

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Quotes by Pierre Clastres (?)

“It is not a scientific proposition to determine that some cultures lack political power because they show nothing similar to what is found in our culture. It is instead the sign of a certain conceptual poverty.”
― Pierre Clastres, Society Against the State: Essays in Political Anthropology

tags: anarchism, anthropology, egalitarianism, politics

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“La historia de los pueblos que tienen una Historia es la historia de la lucha de clases. La historia de los pueblos sin Historia es, diremos con la misma verdad, la historia de su lucha contra el Estado.”
― Pierre Clastres, Society Against the State: Essays in Political Anthropology

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“İlkel toplumların çoğunda gençlerin, kabul ayini denilen bir törenle yetişkinler arasına katılmasına büyük bir önem verilir. (s166) Hepsinde ortak olan unsur işkencedir; ilkel toplumlarda işkence, kabul töreninin esasını oluşturur. Peki vücuda yapılan bu eziyetin tek amacı gençlerin fizik direncini sınamak, ne kadar güçlü olduklarını toplum önünde kanıtlamak mıdır? (s167) Kabul töreninin kişisel cesaretin sınanması, kişisel cesaretinse acıya suskunlukla karşı koymak olduğunu söyleyebiliriz. Ama kabul töreni sona erip, çekilen acılar geride kaldığında, ortada unutulması olanaksız bir fazlalık, bıçağın ya da taşın vücutta bıraktığı yara izleri olacaktır. Kabul edilmiş kişi, işaretlenmiş kişidir. Kabul töreninin işkence anındaki amacı vücut üzerinde bir iz bırakmaktır. (s168) Vücudu işaretleyerek gerçekleştirilen kabul töreninin en önemli iki işlevi, kişisel dayanıklılığı ölçmek ve topluma aidiyeti kanıtlamaktır. (s169) Kabul edilmeyi bekleyenler seslerini çıkarmadan işkenceye katlanmak zorundadırlar. […] Topluluğun kabul ayiniyle gençlere aktardığı sır şudur: “Artık bizdensiniz! Her biriniz hem bize hem birbirinize benziyorsunuz. Her birinizin aramızdaki yeri ve önemi birdir; bu yeri sürekli koruyacaksınız. Aranızdan hiçbiri bizden aşağı da değil, üstün de.” (s170) İlkel toplumlar, üyelerini işaretleyen toplumlardır. (s171)”
― Pierre Clastres, [Society Against the State: Essays in Political Anthropology] [By: Clastres, Pierre] [October, 1989]

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Topics Mentioning This Author

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Around the World ...: Paraguay	16	664	Feb 26, 2025 11:43AM

Pierre Clastres’s Followers (78)

Pierre Clastres

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