Austin James

“But there is a sense in which early Arabic script was primarily a memory aid for readers who already knew the contents of the text. In many ways, the written text of the Qurʾan was inseparable from, and indeed relied upon, the authority of oral transmission.”
― Carl W. Ernst, How to Read the Qur'an: A New Guide, with Select Translations

“Because of low wages, low taxes, nonexistent work benefits, weak labor unions, and nonexistent occupational and environmental protections, U.S. corporate profit rates in the Third World are 50 percent greater than in developed countries.”
― Michael Parenti, Against Empire

“Many scholars accept the idea that the Qurʾan took on its present form by around 650 CE, and even comparative skeptics now assume that the text of the Qurʾan was codified by the end of the seventh century.”
― Carl W. Ernst, How to Read the Qur'an: A New Guide, with Select Translations

“North American and European corporations have acquired control of more than three-fourths of the known mineral resources of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. But the pursuit of natural resources is not the only reason for capitalist overseas expansion. There is the additional need to cut production costs and maximize profits by investing in countries with a plentiful supply of cheap labor.”
― Michael Parenti, Against Empire