In a small fraction of its victims, the flu virus opens the way for more serious infections. Normally, the top layer of cells serves as a barrier against a wide array of pathogens. The pathogens get trapped in the mucus, and the cells snag
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“Laboratory virologists are not generally knockabout people. You don’t meet them in bars, waving their arms and bragging lustily about the perils of their métier. They tend to be focused, neat, and still, like nuclear engineers.”
― Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic
― Spillover: Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic

“Rhinoviruses infect relatively few cells, causing little real harm. So why can they cause such miserable experiences? We have only ourselves to blame. Infected cells release signaling molecules, called cytokines, which attract nearby immune cells. Those immune cells then make us feel awful. They create inflammation that triggers a scratchy feeling in the throat and leads to the production of a lot of mucus around the site of the infection. In order to recover from a cold, we have to wait not only for the immune system to wipe out the virus, but also for the immune system itself to calm down.”
― A Planet of Viruses
― A Planet of Viruses

“All too often, doctors end up giving antibiotics to their patients with colds. This is a fundamentally pointless treatment, because antibiotics work only on bacteria and are useless against viruses.”
― A Planet of Viruses
― A Planet of Viruses
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