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f they were conservatives, they did worse at assessing
evidence that gun bans worked.
In psychology there are at least two biases that drive this pattern. One
is confirmation bias: seeing what we expect to see. The other is desirability
bias: seeing what we want to see.

As gifted as Mike was at rethinking the design of electronic devices, he wasn’t willing to rethink the market for his baby. Intelligence was no cure—it might have been more of a curse.

Sometimes even great scientists need to think more like scientists.

The entrepreneurs who had been taught to think like scientists, in contrast, pivoted more than twice as often. When their hypotheses weren’t supported, they knew it was time to rethink their business models.

As we think and talk, we often slip into the mindsets of three
different professions: preachers, prosecutors, and politicians. In each of
these modes, we take on a particular identity and use a distinct set of tools.

Unfortunately, when it comes to our own knowledge
and opinions, we often favor feeling right over being right.