Status Updates From Divine Will and Human Choic...

in actu primo, apart from any operation and prior to any determination of an object, the will can be identified as indifferent inasmuch as it possesses simultaneously potencies to different effects. in actu secundo or operation as determined toward a particular object, the will is no longer indifferent and, having acted upon one of its potencies, has excluded the opposites from its present operation.

“We have also seen Aquinas teaching that God was free to create or not create the world, that there are possibles known to God that will never be actualized, that God necessarily knows contingents, specifically future contingents, with certainty, and that this necessary knowing does not overthrow the contingency of the futures known to God.”

Per Muller, Aristotle recognized two forms of necessity:
I. Necessity of the consequent thing (de re)
II. Necessity of the consequence (de dicto)

If true, this would recognize contingency in Aristotle’s thought and thus help elucidate ongoing discussions of Reformed thought on freedom and contingency.

I think I'm getting it.

Things started to click around page 90, and now finishing page 138 I went back and re-read chapter 1.
I experienced a breakthrough...and I no longer hate this book.
I still don't fully understand what has been laid out before me, but the things I can parse out are incredibly interesting and I'm excited to lean more fully into this difficult text.

Duns Scotus and Late Medieval Perspectives on Freedom
4.1 The Assessment of Duns Scotus in Recent Studies

Vos can characterize Scotus’ contribution as “the theme of open reality” that is “the culmination point of the emancipatory development of Christian philosophy.”