Status Updates From Standard First Aid, CPR, an...

Ticks: use tweezers or special tool. Grab close to skin as possible. Slowly pull up and wait until tick lets go. Do not grab near rear. After, wash with soap and water. Ice pack. Keep tick in plastic bag. If rash/flulike symptoms, seek medical care.

Insects- remove stinger with fingernail or credit card. Don’t use tweezers or squeeze. Baking soda, ice, pain meds, antihistamine, cortisone cream. Epi if anaphylaxis. Wash with soap and water.

MInnesota has no venomous snakes.

Animal bites: stop bleeding (tourniquet if needed). Wash. Tetanus shot.

Wild animal: do not try to capture. Photo if safe. Contact local health dept. if you must kill it, spare the brain.

Poison ivy: rubbing alcohol or soap/water. Don’t put/scratch. Oatmeal bath, barking soda paste, Calmine lotion,

Poison: call poison control.

Narcan- shorter duration than narcs. Repeat q2-3”.

Cold: replace cold/wet clothing if possible. Tarp/vapor barrier. Cover head. High calorie foods. Heat to chest, armpits, back. Frostbite: don’t rewarm unless >2 hours to medical care.

Heat stroke: medical emergency. Skin usually dry and hot. Temp>104. Altered mental status. Cool down. Call 911. Whole body cold water immersion. Don’t leave in water alone. Spray water, ice packs. Stop offer 20”, EMS arrives, mental status improves.

Heat exhaustion: pale, sweaty, thirsty, dizzy, tachy, flulike sx. Cool, give salty fluids.

Peds hypoglycemia: usually <15g cho needed. Can attempt sublingual if uncooperative.

Syncope: call if no apparent cause, serious medical condition.

Seizures: time. Watch airway. Call 911 if >5”, repeated, first, injury, slow recovery, diabetes or pregnant, breathing issues.

Anaphylaxis. Epi!!! Call 911. Can repeat after 5-10”. Benadryl if can swallow (delayed onset, may prevent further rxns). Epi goes in lateral thigh. Can go through clothes. Rub site afterwards. Give to EMS when they arrive.

Asthma: Tripod position. Pursed lip breathing. Rescue inhaler. Call 911 if resp distress.

Electrical burns: call 911. Major internal damage. Make sure scene is safe. Most are 3rd degree burns.

Chemical burns: protect yourself if chemical still present. Call 911. Flush with water.

Small 2nd degree (partial thickness) <20% bsa. Blisters, open, swelling, severe pain. Weeping. Cool as before. Antibacterial ointment. Loose sterile dressing. Keep blisters closed.

Lg 2nd degree- call 911

Third degree (full thickness): charred. Cover with sterile dressing. No ointment or gel. Call 911

Burns: stop the burning. Watch airway if smoke. That person’s hand = 1% BSA when estimating size. 911 for face, hands/feet, genitals, neck, concern for airway, large, full/partial thickness, large area, circumferencial.

1st degree: superficial. Red, mild swelling, pain. Cool water, cool compress, acetaminophen for kids/teens. Ibuprofen adults. Aloe/moisture. Remove jewelry.

Joint injuries: don’t attempt to reduce. RICE. Stabilize.

Muscle injuries: RICE. Rehydrate with salty drinks for cramps.

Fractures: control bleeding, assess distal CMS, RICE, stabilize. Splints can be hard, soft, or splinted to adjacent body part (fingers). Cover open bones with sterile gauze. Don’t push back.

Abdominal injuries: NPO. Penetrating object: leave in place. Stabilize.

Protruding organs: place on back with legs pulled up. DO NOT PUSH BACK IN PLACE. DO NOT TOUCH. Clean moist dressing

Hard blow to abdomen: expect vomiting. Watch for signs of internal injury.

Chest injuries:
Rib fx: stabilize chest. Splint with pillow.
Penetrating injury: do not remove. Stabilize object
Open chest wound (sucking sound or bubbling): leave open if no bleeding. If bleeding, LOOSE gauze and replace when saturated to prevent air trapping.

Whelp, I literally screamed when I turned the page and saw these pictures.

Impaled objects: do not remove. Stabilize. Break larger objects to decrease weight.

Amputation: stabilize bleeding. Wrap severed part in sterile gauze or damp clean fabric. Keep it cool but not in direct contact with ice. Do not submerge.

Avulsion: gently move skin back. Cover with dressing.

Ears:
Object stuck: use tweezers to pull out. Disc batteries and live insects need to be removed immediately. Insects- use light to get them to come out. Or drown with water. Escalate if you can’t get it out.

Head injury with fluid from the ear (think skull fracture) LET IT FLOW. Loose sterile gauze. C-spine.

Eye injuries: all are serious. Blow to eye: ice, no pressure to eye.
Object in eye: do not remove. Long object: stabilize and put paper cut over for protection. Short object: donut over.
Small object: rinse out, look down
Cut: cover BOTH eyes and protect.
Chemical injury: flush 15”

Tooth injuries: broken tooth- collect tooth fragments. Rinse mouth with warm water. Ice over cheek if swelling. Keep mouth closed. Transport teeth fragments in clear plastic wrap or milk

Avulsed teeth: attempt to reimplant if adult teeth and >1 hour to dentist. Rinse in warm water and put back in to socket. DO NOT TOUCH ROOT

Blisters: relieve pressure. May drain fluid with sterile needle if painful. Leave roof. Protect skin.

Nose injuries: broken nose- ice, care for nosebleed. Escalate medical care. Nosebleed- lean forward, pinch nostrils, ice, decongestant. Foreign object: blow out, attempt to remove with tweezers.

Tourniquet: apply 2 inches above wound. Rarely second one is necessary to stop bleeding. Can improvise with strips of cloth, tie know, then tie rigid object (eg a screwdriver) and twist. LABEL PERSON’S FOREHEAD WITH APPLICATION TIME.