It has been estimated that in the decades following the third and final Punic War, when Rome won its decisive victory over Carthage (146 bce), some 30 or 40 per cent of the population of Italy were slaves. Many slaves were literate, some of them very highly educated. Cicero’s beloved secretary, Tiro, inventor of the first known system of shorthand, is only the most famous example.
— Aug 28, 2026 06:16PM
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