Eunhae Han’s Reviews > Quiet Odyssey: A Pioneer Korean Woman in America > Status Update

nationalism, Japan sent thousands of Japanese to replace Korean teachers and made the Japanese language the medium of instruction in Korean schools.
The rules against public gatherings were further tightened so that assemblies of more than three persons became illegal. The Japanese also closed down newspapers and passed laws to control Buddhist temples and Christian churches, lest they become centers of resistance.

The new administration also disbanded the Korean army, restricted the number of weapons - including kitchen knives - When Emperor Kojong sent three emissaries in 1907 to the Second International Peace Conference at The Hague to plead Korea's cause, the Japanese, with the aid of pro-Japanese members of the Korean cabinet, forced him to abdicate and placed his son on the throne.

Japanese Prime Minister Katsura Taro reached an understanding with U.S. Secretary of War William Howard Taft, whereby the United States agreed to honor Japan's hegemony in the Korean peninsula in return for Japan's noninterference in American interests in the Philippines - a Spanish colony that the United States had acquired at the close

their country, led mass rallies to demand that the natural resources be returned to Korean control. But instead of listening to them, the government arrested them - imprisoning some and deporting others - and banned their organization.

While under the protection of the Russians, he issued decrees that disbanded the pro-Japanese government and installed a pro-Russian one in its place. Following Russian advice, he also changed his own title from "king" to "em-peror" in 1897, in order to assert his equality with the rulers of China and Japan, who, as the Russians pointed out,

Viewing Queen Min as the chief obstacle to their plans, they instigated a clash between some soldiers and the palace guards to create a cover under which they forced their way into the royal chambers on the night of October 8, 1895.
They wounded the queen, poured kerosene on her, and set her afire. The king escaped, disguised as a female servant.

victory, Japan smoldered with resentment.
Meanwhile, Japan tightened its control over hapless Korea by promulgating new laws, changing the administrative and judicial systems, abolishing the old Korean class structure, building railroads and telegraph lines, and introducing capitalist features into the Korean economy.

Russia leased Port Arthur and Dairen at the tip of the Liaodong peninsula in 1897; Germany moved into Shandong the same year; and France obtained rights in Henan in 1896 and leased Guangzhou-wan along the South China coast in 1899. Cheated out of the fruits of its victory, Japan smoldered with resentment.

The outbreak of the Tonghak Rebellion gave China and Japan a pretext to renew their contest for the control of Korea. In response to King Kojong's appeal for help in 1894, China eagerly sent troops to the peninsula. Japan reacted by sending an even larger contingent, even though Korea had not requested its aid. .. marking beginning of Sino-Japanese war

The Treaty of Tianjin required China and Japan to withdraw their soldiers from the peninsula, to refrain from supporting the Korean army, and to give each other prior notice should either country deem it necessary to send troops to Korea in the future. During the next few years, the Chinese and Queen Min's faction