Kenneth Aliu’s Reviews > Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI > Status Update

Kenneth Aliu
Kenneth Aliu is on page 288 of 501
Updated correction: "So, too, is the extraordinary volume of minerals including copper and lithium needed to build the hardware-computers, cables, powerlines, batteries, backup generators-and the extraordinary volume of fresh-potable-water needed to cool the servers and generate the electricity to power them. (The water often used for cooling must be clean enough to avoid clogging pipes and bacterial growth;...Pg 277
Apr 15, 2026 07:08AM
Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI

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Kenneth’s Previous Updates

Kenneth Aliu
Kenneth Aliu is on page 288 of 501
Update correction: potable water meets that standard). According to an estimate from researchers at the University of California, Riverside, surging AI demand could use 1.1 trillion to 1.7 trillion gallons of predominantly fresh water globally a year by 2027, or half the water annually withdrawn in the UK. Pg 277

Incorrectly stated before that AI could consume this much fresh water, more so use and not all fresh.
Apr 15, 2026 07:12AM
Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI


Kenneth Aliu
Kenneth Aliu is on page 288 of 501
1. Hao made a correction to a data point for a specific proposed data center in Chile. (Chapter 12)

2. A correction and additional clarifications to a paragraph about the overall projected water use.
Apr 15, 2026 07:04AM
Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI


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