Status Updates From The Chinese Question: The G...

Although there had long been cross-Pacific movement, the Gold Rushes “exploded” networks, creating the modern trans-Pacific by creating huge diaspora communities and movements of people, products, and finance particularly between the nodes of San Francisco, Sydney, and Hong Kong. It’s interesting that this doesn’t include Shanghai. Perhaps the city is better integrated into imperial networks linking west?

“…Chinese exclusion was not extraneous to the emergent global capitalist economy, but an integral part of it.”