Status Updates From Allow Me to Retort: A Black...

I forgot about the PENUMBRAS!

It's a classic liberal mistake: conservatives used a tool for evil, so instead of using that same tool for good, let's never use tools. Some-times, I swear, it can seem like liberals spend all their time inventing ways to get their asses kicked.

Jim Crow Era: The ruling gave constitutional backing to Jim Crow laws, entrenching decades of legally enforced segregation across the American South.

Overturned: The precedent stood for 58 years until it was unanimously struck down by Brown v. Board of Education in 1954.

The Verdict: The Supreme Court ruled 7–1 that segregated facilities did not violate the Thirteenth Amendment (as it did not re-establish slavery) or the Fourteenth Amendment (equal protection clause).

The Law: Louisiana's Separate Car Act of 1890 required railway companies to provide separate but equal accommodations for white and Black passengers.

The Protest: The Comité des Citoyens (Citizens' Committee) deliberately orchestrated the test case. Because Plessy appeared white, he was able to buy a first-class ticket, board the car, and was then arrested by a private detective hired by the committee.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark Supreme Court case that legalized state-sponsored racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine. It originated in New Orleans on June 7, 1892, when Homer Plessy, an activist who was seven-eighths white, was arrested for refusing to leave a "whites-only" railcar.

Seneca Village existed until 1857, when, through eminent domain, the villagers and other settlers in the area were forced to leave and their houses were torn down for the construction of Central Park. The entirety of the village was dispersed.

Seneca Village was founded in 1825 by free Black Americans, the first such community in the city, although under Dutch rule there was a "half-free" community of African-owned farms north of New Amsterdam. At its peak, the community had approximately 225 residents, three churches, two schools, and three cemeteries.