Brent’s Reviews > A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge > Status Update

All knowledge comes from ideas that act directly on our Spirit. Berkley argues against the "Matter Philosophers" (Descartes, Newton) that say that matter is an extended substance that exists independently of human perception. For Berkley, esse est percipi. Ultimately all ideas are upheld by the will (and perception) of God, the ultimate, universal Spirit. Berkley argues against occasional causes for final.