Benji’s Reviews > Computational Psychiatry: A Primer > Status Update
Benji
is on page 129 of 342
In schizophrenia there's a hierarchical imbalance in synaptic gain, as primary sensory areas have been shown to be 'hyperconnected', whereas higher regions are 'hypoconnected'. If this corresponds to a similar imbalance in the encoding of precision in a hierarchical model, then its effect would be to reduce the effect of priors on inference and cause larger belief updates in response to unexpected sensory evidence.
— Mar 18, 2021 12:11PM
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Benji’s Previous Updates
Benji
is on page 252 of 342
Computational assays, such as those based on Bayesian approaches, could help diagnostic tests. Computational psychiatry could also help psychotherapy: psychotherapy being a learning process, it may benefit from the rich computational understanding of learning processes.
— Mar 23, 2021 08:53AM
Benji
is on page 252 of 342
Data-driven and theory-driven approaches are not incompatible: theory-driven models can provide descriptions that efficiently summarize complex data, and these summaries can provide inputs for machine-learning algorithms. The combination of both methods has been found to outperform data-driven approaches alone.
— Mar 23, 2021 08:51AM
Benji
is on page 221 of 342
The dopaminergic-hyperinnervation hypothesis explains why all medications with well-established efficacy for Tourette syndrome - anti-psychotics, low-doses of certain dopamine agonists like pergolide, ecopipam, VMAT2 inhibitors - reduce dopaminergic transmission.
— Mar 23, 2021 08:49AM
Benji
is on page 216 of 342
Females learn better from rewards than males do - a finding that is consistent with higher striatal presynaptic dopamine synthesis capacity and possible higher striatal dopaminergic innervations, as assessed by dopamine transporter binding, in females relative to males.
— Mar 23, 2021 07:40AM
Benji
is on page 181 of 342
Progress in realizing the clinical benefits of computational studies will require a broader range of study designs to be implemented in the future. Studies to find associations between computationally defined processes and treatment response. Studies to pinpoint causality to allow for cognitive and pharmacological interventions.
— Mar 22, 2021 07:50AM
Benji
is on page 176 of 342
Phasic activity of the central norepinephrine system may contain an estimate of volatility or unexpected uncertainty, consistent with current theories on the broader role of norepinephrine, which is argued to increase the gain of sensory representations and thus increase their impact on behavior.
— Mar 22, 2021 06:40AM
Benji
is on page 175 of 342
Learning about a volatile process is more efficiently achieved with a higher learning rate. Humans estimate the volatility of the process they are learning about and tune their learning rate to increase learning efficiency.
— Mar 22, 2021 06:23AM
Benji
is on page 169 of 342
While finding the optimal approach to generalization and credit assignment is a core question tackled by the machine-learning literature, to date fear-conditioning studies in humans that examine generalization have tended to rely on summary statistics rather computational approaches.
— Mar 22, 2021 06:08AM
Benji
is on page 161 of 342
Reinforcement learning has been described as especially promising in this regard and has indeed shown potential for classification of depression from purely behavioral data without the need for (subjective) questionnaires.
— Mar 19, 2021 05:29AM
Benji
is on page 161 of 342
An important aim for computational psychiatry is the development of computational assays that can be used to separate patients into subgroups, generate treatment recommendations, and make predictions for the outcome of those treatments.
— Mar 19, 2021 05:29AM